Bartholin's Cyst Removal

What is Bartholin’s cyst removal?

Bartholin’s cyst removal is a minor surgical procedure to treat a fluid-filled swelling near the vaginal opening. The Bartholin’s glands, located on either side of the vaginal entrance, produce lubricating fluid. When these glands become blocked, a cyst can form, causing discomfort, pain, or infection. If a cyst becomes large, infected (forming an abscess), or causes significant discomfort, removal or drainage may be recommended. This procedure is straightforward, often minimally invasive, and can bring relief while preventing complications.

When is Bartholin’s cyst removal recommended?

Bartholin’s cyst removal may be necessary if:

• The cyst becomes infected and forms an abscess, causing swelling, redness, and severe pain.
• It recurs frequently despite non-surgical treatments.
• The cyst causes discomfort during activities like walking, sitting, or sexual intercourse.
• Medications, warm baths, or other conservative treatments haven’t worked.

Your doctor will assess your symptoms and recommend the most suitable treatment approach.

Preparing for Bartholin’s cyst removal

Preparation for Bartholin’s cyst removal is straightforward, and your care team will ensure you feel informed and comfortable.

• Initial consultation: Your doctor will examine the cyst and discuss treatment options, such as drainage, marsupialisation (creating a small opening), or gland removal in rare cases.
• Pre-procedure advice: You might be asked to avoid certain activities or use gentle hygiene products before the procedure.
• Anaesthetic options: Most procedures are performed under local anaesthesia, though general anaesthesia may be used for larger or more complex cysts.

This is a good time to ask any questions about the procedure and recovery.

What happens during the procedure?

Bartholin’s cyst removal is a simple outpatient procedure, typically completed in 20–30 minutes. Depending on the size and condition of the cyst, your doctor may recommend:

• Incision and drainage: A small cut is made to drain the fluid. A small tube (catheter) may be inserted temporarily to prevent the cyst from refilling.
• Marsupialisation: For recurrent cysts, the doctor creates a small, permanent opening to prevent future blockages.
• Complete gland removal: In rare cases, the Bartholin’s gland may be removed if other treatments are unsuccessful.

Most patients can go home the same day.

Benefits of Bartholin’s cyst removal

Bartholin’s cyst removal offers significant advantages, including:

• Pain relief: The procedure alleviates discomfort, making daily activities more comfortable.
• Prevention of infection: Draining or removing the cyst reduces the risk of abscess formation.
• Reduced recurrence: Techniques like marsupialisation lower the chances of the cyst returning.
• Quick recovery: Most patients resume normal activities within a few days.

Possible risks of Bartholin’s cyst removal

While Bartholin’s cyst removal is generally safe, like any surgical procedure, there are some potential risks to consider:

• Infection: There’s a small risk of infection at the surgical site, which can be treated with antibiotics if necessary.
• Bleeding: Minor bleeding is normal, but excessive bleeding may require medical attention.
• Pain or tenderness: Discomfort during the healing process is common but usually resolves within a few days.
• Recurrence: While procedures like marsupialisation reduce recurrence, there’s still a small chance the cyst may return.
• Scarring: Rarely, scar tissue may form, causing discomfort or other issues.
• Anaesthetic complications: Uncommon, but some patients may experience side effects related to local or general anaesthesia.

Your doctor will discuss these risks with you beforehand and provide guidance on how to minimise them.

Recovery after Bartholin’s cyst removal

Recovery is usually quick, but following your doctor’s aftercare advice is essential for healing:

• Rest and pain relief: Mild tenderness or discomfort is normal. Over-the-counter pain relief, such as paracetamol or ibuprofen, can help.
• Keep the area clean: Your doctor may recommend warm baths or a saline solution to clean the wound.
• Activity restrictions: Avoid sexual activity, tampon use, and heavy exercise for at least a week or until your doctor advises otherwise.
• Watch for signs of infection: Contact your doctor if you experience severe pain, heavy bleeding, or signs of infection (e.g., fever or unpleasant discharge).

With proper care, most patients recover fully within a week or two.